Which of the following is NOT a type of pricing strategy?

Brand loyalty pricing is not a recognized pricing strategy in marketing. The concept of pricing strategies typically revolves around methods that determine how a product's price is set in relation to the market environment, costs, competition, and consumer demand.

Competitive pricing involves setting prices based on what competitors are charging, aiming to attract customers in a competitive marketplace. Penetration pricing is a strategy used to enter a market by offering lower prices to gain market share quickly, while skimming pricing involves setting high initial prices for a new product, targeting consumers willing to pay a premium before gradually lowering the price.

While brand loyalty can influence customer purchasing behavior and potentially affect a pricing strategy, it is not a standalone pricing strategy in itself. The other options reflect legitimate frameworks that guide businesses in determining how to price their products effectively in various market conditions.